ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ka pūnaewele e hōʻoia i ka ʻike o ka substrate ma lalo o ka paepae, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka hana enzyme biological i loko o ke kaʻina hana, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka hopena hydrolysis.
ʻO nā pūhui Amide he mea koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi o ka synthesis synthesis intermediates a me nā kemika a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pesticides, meaʻai, mālama kaiapuni, hana ʻaila a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.ʻO ka hopena hydrolysis o ka hui nitrile i loko o ka hui amide kekahi o nā ala koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā pūhui amide i ka ʻoihana.
Hoʻohana ʻia kahi biocatalyst i ke kaʻina hana synthesis ʻōmaʻomaʻo o kahi pūhui amide, a ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia kāna hana e ka neʻe ʻana o ka substrate a me ka huahana i ka ʻōnaehana.Inā kiʻekiʻe loa ka manaʻo o ka substrate, e hoʻopau maʻalahi ka catalyst, hiki ʻole ke hoʻomau i ka hopena synthesis;inā kiʻekiʻe loa ka ʻike o ka huahana, e alakaʻi ia i ka hōʻiliʻili o ka substrate a me ka hana haʻahaʻa synthesis.I mea e hōʻoia ai i ka hana maikaʻi loa o ka biological enzyme catalysts i ka synthesis reactions, pono ʻia nā ala ʻenehana kūpono e nānā a hoʻoponopono i nā manaʻo o nā nitrile substrates a me nā huahana amide i ka manawa maoli i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana.
I kēia manawa, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā ʻano e like me ka laʻana i nā manawa paʻa a me ka hana ʻana i ke kinoea chromatography-mass spectrometry ma hope o ka laʻana pre-treatment e ʻike pinepine i ka substrate a me ka ʻike huahana i ka ʻōnaehana pane.ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke kūlana o ka hopena o kēia manawa i ka manawa maoli, a paʻakikī ke hana i ka mana manaʻo a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻike substrate, a nalo paha ka manawa hānai maikaʻi loa.Loaʻa i ka ʻenehana loiloi spectral pūnaewele nā mea maikaʻi o ka wikiwiki ʻike wikiwiki a ʻaʻohe pono no ka laʻana pretreatment.Hiki iā ia ke ʻike wikiwiki, manawa maoli, in-situ a me ka ʻike akamai o ka ʻōnaehana pane, a loaʻa iā ia nā mea maikaʻi loa i ka synthesis ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā pūhui amide.
Hōʻike ke kiʻi ma luna nei i ka nānā ʻana ma ka pūnaewele i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka acrylamide ma o ka hopena bioenzymatic o kekahi pūhui nitrile.Mai ka 0 a i ka t1 ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o ka hānai ʻana o nā mea maka nitrile, a ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka substrate a me ka huahana.Ma ka t1, ua kokoke ka maʻiʻo substrate i ka palena luna o ka paepae.I kēia manawa, hoʻemi ka poʻe hana hana i ka nui o ka hānai ʻana i nā mea maka e mālama i ka neʻe ʻana o ka substrate i ka ʻōnaehana pane i loko o kahi ākea hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a hiki ke hōʻiliʻili koke ka huahana.ʻO ka hope, ke hele ka hopena i ka manawa t2, hōʻiliʻili ka ʻike huahana i ka pae i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a hoʻōki ka limahana hana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea maka nitrile.Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻokokoke ka pae substrate i ka zero a paʻa pū ka ʻike huahana.I loko o ke kaʻina hana hoʻomau holoʻokoʻa, hōʻoia ka nānā ʻana ma ka pūnaewele e holo maikaʻi ka hopena catalytic enzyme biological.
Ma ka synthesis nui, he mea nui ka ʻenehana nānā pūnaewele.Hiki i ka ʻike manawa maoli o ka substrate a me ka ʻike ʻana o nā huahana ke kōkua i nā manaʻo e hoʻoponopono i ka ʻike substrate i loko o kahi ākea kūpono.I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka hana o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe enzyme biological, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka hopena synthesis, a kōkua i ke kāohi ʻana i nā ʻāpana kaʻina i ka mokuʻāina maikaʻi loa.Hoʻonui i ke ola lawelawe o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe enzyme biological a hoʻonui i nā pono.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jan-23-2024